Cache SPARQL queries to a local database

glowtables/cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# This file is part of the Glowtables software
+# Copyright (C) 2023  Valentin Lorentz
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+# terms of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3, as published by the
+# Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+# WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
+# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with
+# this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+"""SPARQL query cache"""
+
+import datetime
+import random
+import sqlite3
+from typing import Optional
+
+EXPIRE_PROBA = 0.001
+"""Probability an ``INSERT INTO`` is preceded by a ``DELETE`` of all old records."""
+
+CACHE_LIFETIME = datetime.timedelta(days=7)
+
+
+def _now() -> datetime.datetime:
+    return datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc)
+
+
+class Cache:
+    """A simple key-value cache for SPARQL queries"""
+
+    def __init__(self, db: str):
+        self._db = sqlite3.connect(db)
+        self._init_schema()
+
+    def _init_schema(self):
+        """Initialize tables and indexes"""
+        with self._db:
+            self._db.execute(
+                """
+                CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sparql_queries (
+                    url TEXT,
+                    query TEXT,
+                    response TEXT,
+                    date TEXT  -- ISO8601 timestamp of the recorded query, must be UTC
+                );
+                """
+            )
+            self._db.execute(
+                """
+                CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS sparql_queries_pk
+                ON sparql_queries (url, query)
+                """
+            )
+
+    def _expire(self) -> None:
+        """Randomly delete outdated item from the database."""
+        if random.random() < EXPIRE_PROBA:
+            with self._db:
+                self._db.execute(
+                    """
+                    DELETE FROM sparql_queries WHERE date < ?
+                    """,
+                    ((_now() - CACHE_LIFETIME).isoformat()),
+                )
+
+    def get(self, url: str, query: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Gets the response to a previous query from the cache, or None."""
+        with self._db:
+            cur = self._db.execute(
+                """
+                SELECT response
+                FROM sparql_queries
+                WHERE url=? AND query=? AND date >= ?
+                """,
+                (url, query, (_now() - CACHE_LIFETIME).isoformat()),
+            )
+            rows = list(cur)
+            if rows:
+                # cache hit
+                ((resp,),) = rows
+                return resp
+            else:
+                # cache miss
+                return None
+
+    def set(self, url: str, query: str, response: str) -> None:
+        """Adds the response of a query to the cache."""
+        self._expire()
+        with self._db:
+            self._db.execute(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO sparql_queries(url, query, response, date)
+                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)
+                ON CONFLICT(url, query) DO UPDATE SET
+                    response=EXCLUDED.response,
+                    date=EXCLUDED.date
+                """,
+                (url, query, response, _now().isoformat()),
+            )

glowtables/sparql.py

@@ -15,11 +15,14 @@
 """Abstraction over SPARQL backends, primarily meant to be mocked by tests."""
 
 import abc
+import json
 import urllib.parse
 from typing import Iterable
 
 import requests
 
+from .cache import Cache
+
 
 class SparqlBackend(abc.ABC):
     """Abstract class for SPARQL clients"""
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ class SparqlBackend(abc.ABC):
 class RemoteSparqlBackend(SparqlBackend):
     """Queries a SPARQL API over HTTP."""
 
-    def __init__(self, url: str, agent: str):
+    def __init__(self, url: str, agent: str, cache: Cache):
         """
         :param url: Base URL of the endpoint
         :param agent: User-Agent to use in HTTP requests
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ class RemoteSparqlBackend(SparqlBackend):
         self._url = url
         self._session = requests.Session()
         self._session.headers["User-Agent"] = agent
+        self._cache = cache
 
     def query(self, query: str) -> Iterable[tuple]:
         headers = {
@@ -47,9 +51,15 @@ class RemoteSparqlBackend(SparqlBackend):
             "Accept": "application/json",
         }
         params = {"query": query}
-        resp = self._session.post(
-            self._url, headers=headers, data=urllib.parse.urlencode(params)
-        ).json()
+
+        resp_text = self._cache.get(self._url, query)
+        if not resp_text:
+            resp_text = self._session.post(
+                self._url, headers=headers, data=urllib.parse.urlencode(params)
+            ).text
+            self._cache.set(self._url, query, resp_text)
+
+        resp = json.loads(resp_text)
         variables = resp["head"]["vars"]
         for result in resp["results"]["bindings"]:
             yield tuple(result.get(variable) for variable in variables)

glowtables/tests/conftest.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import urllib.parse
 import pytest
 import rdflib
 
+from glowtables.cache import Cache
 from glowtables.sparql import RemoteSparqlBackend
 
 
@@ -47,4 +48,6 @@ def rdflib_sparql(requests_mock, rdflib_graph: rdflib.Graph) -> RemoteSparqlBack
         }
 
     requests_mock.register_uri("POST", "mock://sparql.example.org/", json=json_callback)
-    return RemoteSparqlBackend("mock://sparql.example.org/", agent="Mock Client")
+    return RemoteSparqlBackend(
+        "mock://sparql.example.org/", agent="Mock Client", cache=Cache(":memory:")
+    )